신제품 개발 과정은 서로 다른 기능을 가진 부서간의 상호의존이 요구되는 복잡한 과정이기 때문에 자체개발에 의존하여 제품을 출시하는 기업의 경우, 신제품 개발과 관련된 기능부서 간 협업이 중요하며 이는기능통합(Cross Function Integration) 관점에서 연구되어왔다. 기존 기능통합(CFI) 연구가 신제품 개발 프로젝트 단위별로 신제품 개발과 관련된 연구개발, 생산 등 기능부서 간 협업 활동 여부와 부서 간 커뮤니케이션이신제품 개발 성공 또는 혁신성과에 미치는 영향에 초점을 맞추었다면, 본 연구는 협업 여부에 초점을 맞추기보다는 실제 다양한 기능부서가 혁신에 기여할수록, 혁신에 대한 기여도가 분산될수록 혁신성과에 긍정적으로영향을 주는지 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 과학기술정책연구원의 기술혁신조사 제조업 부문 데이터를 사용하였다. 종속변수로는 혁신성과를, 독립변수로는 기능부서의 혁신기여도 분산 정도, 연구부서의 혁신기여도, 생산부서의 혁신기여도 등을설정하여 실증분석한 결과, 신제품 개발에 대해 각 기능부서가 혁신에 기여하는 정도가 특정 부서에 집중되기보다는, 골고루 기여할수록 혁신성과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과에 따라 기업은 연구부서, 생산부서 등의 관련 부서가 실제 혁신에 기여할 수 있도록 신제품 개발과정에 각 기능부서의 참여를 적극 독려하고, 기능부서 간 커뮤니케이션, 협업체계는 물론, 관련 인프라 및 시스템을 구축하고, 다양한 기능부서가 혁신에참여하고 기여하도록 조직문화를 조성하며, 그러한 활동에 인센티브를 주는데 기업의 역량을 더 집중해야할 것이다. 더불어 특정 기능부서와 혁신성과간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 연구부서의 혁신기여는 급진적 혁신성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았고, 생산부서의 혁신기여는 점진적 혁신성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로나타났다. 이는 급진적 혁신에 있어서 R&D는 연구부서만의 고유한 영역이기보다는 다양한 기능부서가 참여함으로써 가능하고, 제조부서는 현재의 상황에 더 집중하기 때문에 점진적 혁신에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다는것을 의미한다.

New product development(NPD) is a complex process that requires interdependence between various functions. Therefore, cooperation among the functional departments of NPD is important, and it has been studied from a cross-functional integration(CFI) perspective. A cross-functional integration such R&D and production department has a positive effect on the new product development as the knowledge of each department is shared and utilized, creating new knowledge. According to the existing research results, if cooperation between R&D and production departments is not carried properly, new product development is delayed, and there is also a research result that cooperation between R&D and production departments increases the possibility of new product development. Existing CFI studies typically focus on the impact of collaboration and communication between functions related with NPD, such as R&D, manufacturing, and marketing to ascertain the success of the new product or innovation performance at the project level. This paper, however, aims to analyze whether a positive impact exists for innovation performance when more diverse functions contribute to innovation, and when such contributions are more dispersed. This paper attempts to test three hypotheses. The first hypothesis is that if the contribution of each functional department to innovation in new product development is dispersed, it is highly likely to have a positive impact on innovation performance. The second hypothesis is that the higher the research department's contribution to the development of new products, the more likely it is that it will positively affect radical innovation performance. The final hypothesis is that the higher the production department's contribution to the development of new products, the more likely it is to positively affect the incremental innovation performance. Innovation performance was used as the dependent variable, and the degree of variance of innovation contribution by functional department was used as the independent variable, and the empirical analysis was performed using data from the technology innovation survey manufacturing sector of STEPI. The results of this paper presents that innovation performance becomes higher when each function’s contribution to innovation is evenly distributed rather than concentrated on a certain unit in regards to NPD. According to this result, firms need to actively encourage the participation of each function in the NPD process so that relevant teams, such as R&D and manufacturing, can actually contribute to innovation, establish related infrastructure, and system. Firms should also focus on the communication and collaboration process between functional units, foster an organizational culture that encourages the participation of more diverse units and contribution to innovation, and focus on the firm’s capabilities to incentivize such activities. In addition, analysis of the relationship between specific functions and innovation performance shows that R&D’s contributions to innovation do not have a significant impact on the radical innovation performance, while manufacturing’s contribution to innovation has a significant impact on incremental innovation performance. In radical innovation, R&D is not unique to the research department. In addition manufacturing is playing an important role in incremental innovation because it is more focused on the current situation.

New Product Development, Contribution to Innovation, Innovation Performance, Cross Functional Integration, R&D