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Combining research methods in brain science and education is already one of the main trends and is effectively used to test existing theories of learning at the brain level and to discover new unknown knowledge in education. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (f-NIRS) is a device that measures the hemodynamic changes of the prefrontal lobe related to emotional changes, cognitive activity, and physical exercise. Its measuring principle is a method of detecting the transmittance of a light source whose wavelength is disturbed by the difference in histological characteristics of the prefrontal lobe brain region, using a near infrared light source with a wavelength of about 650-1000 nm. Cerebral blood flow changes can be measured in a non-invasive way. There are many advantages and high utilization in the convenience of measurement, the mobility of the measuring device and the possibility of the subject's movement. This method has advantages in terms of ease of measurement, maintenance efficiency, and low maintenance costs. This can be the best tool for brain research and mass sampling of students. To explore the practical applicability of f-NIRS in educational research, the study measured the brain activity of college students in observing biological phenomena designed with the block paradigm. The brain activity of the college students was shown that the BA10 region was activated in the guided observation and the BA8 region was activated in the non-guided observation. The findings suggest that the use of f-NIRS in educational research can be a useful approach for studying probes in the learning process, as well as short- and long-term learning effects. Therefore, the proliferation of f-NIRS use in educational research will contribute to the development of specific and systematic research methods.
