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Monitoring and assessing terminal electron accepting processes (TEAPs) are one of the most important steps to remediatecontaminated sites via various in-situ techniques. TEAPs are a part of the microbial respiration reactions. Microorganismsgain energy from these reactions and reduces pollutants. Monitoring TEAPs enables us to predict degradability ofcontaminants and degradation rates. In many countries, TEAPs have been used for characterization of field sites andmanagement of groundwater wells. For instance, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provided strategies forgroundwater quality and well management by applying TEAPs monitoring. Denmark has also constructed TEAPs map oflocal unit area to develop effective groundwater managing system, particularly to predict and assess nitrogencontamination. In case of Korea, although detailed soil survey and groundwater contamination assessment have beenemployed, site investigation guidelines using TEAPs have not been established yet. To better define TEAPs in subsurfaceenvironments, multiple indicators including ion concentrations, isotope compositions and contaminant degradationbyproducts must be assessed. Furthermore, dissolved hydrogen concentrations are regarded as significant evidence ofTEAPs occurring in subsurface environment. This review study introduces optimal sampling techniques of groundwaterand dissolved hydrogen, and further discuss how to assess TEAPs in contaminated subsurface environments according toseveral contamination scenarios.
