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Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) arecorrelated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Guidelines that consider local epidemiologicdata are fundamental for identifying optimal treatment strategies. However,Korea has no HAP/VAP guidelines. This study was conducted by a committee of nineexperts from the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases RespiratoryInfection Study Group using the results of Korean HAP/VAP epidemiologic studies. Eleven key questions for HAP/VAP diagnosis and treatment were addressed. The Convergenceof Opinion on Suggestions and Evidence (CORE) process was used to derivesuggestions, and evidence levels and recommendation grades were in accordance withthe Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE)methodology. Suggestions were made for the 11 key questions pertinent to diagnosis,biomarkers, antibiotics, and treatment strategies for adult patients with HAP/VAP. Usingthe CORE process and GRADE methodology, the committee generated a series of recommendationsfor HAP/VAP diagnosis and treatment in the Korean context.