Pre-harvest sprouting is a major physiological problem in rice caused by prolonged rainfall and high humidity during the harvest period, and it is one of the most important targets in current rice breeding programs. In ...

Electron ptychography has emerged as a powerful computational imaging technique using four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy, greatly exceeding the resolution limits of conventional electron microscopes ...

The non-sticky spiral silk, which typically serves as a temporary structural component in most orb-weaving spiders, functions as a permanent scaffold in the golden orb-web spider ( Trichonephila clavata ). Composed of ...

This study investigated the anatomy and histology of the olfactory organ of the Korean amur goby Rhinogobius brunneus from Jeonjucheon stream. This species lives in shallow, stagnant, and intermittently low-oxygenated ...

Score reporting plays an important role in supporting the validity of interpretations and uses of assessment results; however, it remains an underexplored topic particularly in domestic research contexts. This exploratory ...

This study examined the effects of integrated and isolated Focus on Form (FonF) instructional models on writing accuracy, fluency, and grammar recognition among Korean university students. Ninety participants were randomly ...

Fluent reading, characterized by accuracy, speed, and a natural rhythm in learners’ oral reading, represents the ultimate objective of reading instruction in a second language (L2) context. Achieving this fluency necessitates ...

The purpose of this study is to examine whether repetitive writing, often favored by learners as a method of vocabulary memorization, facilitates second language vocabulary learning under supportive conditions. However, ...

Vocabulary knowledge is a crucial determinant of writing proficiency and overall communicative competence for second language learners. While previous research examined lexical richness in academic writing, few studies ...